文章：

溶瘤病毒疗法作为多发性骨髓瘤的免疫治疗策略

Oncolytic virotherapy as an immunotherapeutic strategy for multiple myeloma

原文发布日期：2017-12-05

DOI: 10.1038/s41408-017-0020-0

类型: Review Article

开放获取: 是

英文摘要：

Multiple Myeloma (MM), a clonal malignancy of antibody-producing plasma cells, is the second most common hematologic malignancy and results in significant patient morbidity and mortality. The high degree of immune dysregulation in MM, including T cell imbalances and up-regulation of immunosuppressive checkpoint proteins and myeloid derived suppressor cells, allows this malignancy to escape from host immune control. Despite advances in the therapeutic landscape of MM over the last decade, including the introduction of immunomodulatory drugs, the prognosis for this disease is poor, with less than 50% of patients surviving 5 years. Thus, novel treatment strategies are required. Oncolytic viruses (OV) are a promising new class of therapeutics that rely on tumour specific oncolysis and the generation of a potent adaptive anti-tumour immune response for efficacy. To date, a number of OV have shown efficacy in pre-clinical studies of MM with three reaching early phase clinical trials. OVs represent a rational therapeutic strategy for MM based on (1) their tumour tropism, (2) their ability to potentiate anti-tumour immunity and (3) their ability to be rationally combined with other immunotherapeutic agents to achieve a more robust clinical response.

摘要翻译： 

多发性骨髓瘤（MM）是一种由抗体生成性浆细胞引起的克隆性恶性肿瘤，是第二常见的血液系统恶性肿瘤，导致患者发病率和死亡率显著升高。该疾病存在高度免疫失调，包括T细胞失衡、免疫抑制性检查点蛋白上调以及髓源性抑制细胞增多，使得恶性肿瘤能够逃避免疫系统的控制。尽管过去十年中多发性骨髓瘤的治疗领域取得了进展（包括免疫调节药物的引入），但其预后仍然较差，患者五年生存率不足50%。因此，需要开发新的治疗策略。溶瘤病毒（OV）是一类前景广阔的新型治疗剂，其通过肿瘤特异性溶瘤作用并激发有效的适应性抗肿瘤免疫反应来发挥疗效。目前已有多种溶瘤病毒在MM临床前研究中显示疗效，其中三种已进入早期临床试验阶段。溶瘤病毒成为MM合理治疗策略的依据在于：（1）具有肿瘤趋向性；（2）能增强抗肿瘤免疫力；（3）可与其他免疫治疗药物合理联用以获得更显著的临床反应。

原文链接：

Oncolytic virotherapy as an immunotherapeutic strategy for multiple myeloma