文章：

急性髓系白血病：全面回顾与2016年更新

‘Acute myeloid leukemia: a comprehensive review and 2016 update’

原文发布日期：2016-07-01

DOI: 10.1038/bcj.2016.50

类型: Review

开放获取: 是

英文摘要：

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is the most common acute leukemia in adults, with an incidence of over 20 000 cases per year in the United States alone. Large chromosomal translocations as well as mutations in the genes involved in hematopoietic proliferation and differentiation result in the accumulation of poorly differentiated myeloid cells. AML is a highly heterogeneous disease; although cases can be stratified into favorable, intermediate and adverse-risk groups based on their cytogenetic profile, prognosis within these categories varies widely. The identification of recurrent genetic mutations, such as FLT3-ITD, NMP1 and CEBPA, has helped refine individual prognosis and guide management. Despite advances in supportive care, the backbone of therapy remains a combination of cytarabine- and anthracycline-based regimens with allogeneic stem cell transplantation for eligible candidates. Elderly patients are often unable to tolerate such regimens, and carry a particularly poor prognosis. Here, we review the major recent advances in the treatment of AML.

摘要翻译： 

急性髓系白血病（AML）是成人中最常见的急性白血病，仅在美国每年发病率就超过2万例。造血增殖与分化相关基因的大规模染色体易位和突变导致分化不良的髓系细胞积累。AML是一种高度异质性疾病；虽然根据细胞遗传学特征可将病例分为良好、中等和不良风险组，但各类别内的预后差异显著。FLT3-ITD、NMP1和CEBPA等复现基因突变的发现有助于完善个体预后评估并指导治疗。尽管支持治疗取得进展，核心治疗方案仍以阿糖胞苷和蒽环类药物为基础，符合条件的患者需接受异基因干细胞移植。老年患者通常难以耐受此类方案，预后尤其不良。本文综述近期AML治疗的主要进展。

原文链接：

‘Acute myeloid leukemia: a comprehensive review and 2016 update’